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8/26/05
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Transformation
It's
lunchtime at the restaurant El Sol y La Luna on South Congress Avenue.
Raúl Salinas has a lot to be concerned about. Though he was born
in San Antonio in 1934, Austin is his real home, and there is always something
happening here to deserve his attention and action.
In addition to running La Resistencia bookstore,
Salinas founded Red Salmon Arts Group, a community organization that fosters
art and protest. Recently, it has organized boycotts of the Gallo wine
company for its opposition to farmworker unions and helped protest in
front of City Hall over the Austin Police Department's handling of the
June shooting of an Austin teenager, Daniel Rocha.
"We have to keep it in the public eye,"
he says of the Rocha case. "We have to get church groups, civil liberties
groups, political and neighborhood groups involved. If you don't, certain
things don't get dealt with."
Today, Salinas also talks about the Austin
city council, gentrification, the fight to keep the technology company
AMD from building a new plant over Edward's Acquifer and school financing.
He cares about it all, but he also recognizes that there are more problems
than one man alone can solve.
In the next few weeks, Salinas will be finishing
up a book of his poems being published in San Antonio and will travel
to San Antonio for a national Latino arts and culture convention where
he will be a guest speaker. He will also begin teaching a class at St.
Edward's University called, "Social Control and Agitation" and
travel to Los Angeles to teach writing clinics to a group of teenagers
at a juvenile detention center.
Salinas is both an intellectual and an artist.
He's an agitator as well as an educator. To him, there are no separations
between the artistic, academic and political worlds. "This is my
world," Salinas says, "It's not a separation. I have to navigate
it. I've always combined my art, my politics, my spirituality, as part
of my total being."
The journey to that complex life began in
1957 when Salinas was sent to a state prison in California on drug-related
charges. He served three terms over the next 15 years, and it was here
that his political and artistic births happened.
He had developed a love of reading in Spanish
and English as a child, with literature introduced to him by his mother
and grandmother. He read and studied with a group of other prisoners at
a time when English-language "Beat poets" like Jack Kerouak
and Allan Ginsburg were becoming popular for their unconventional linguistics.
"That got me going," Salinas says,
"I read all there was to read and I abosorbed all of the beat generation
happenings of the time."
He became influenced by the rumblings of
change in the United States - race relations, war, farmworkers issues
and the Chicano and Native American movements all became the fabric of
poetry he began to publish in prison publications.
He and his fellow prisoners became politicized.
"Maybe we hoped to be revolutionaries. We wanted to change. That
involved cleaning up your act and learning discipline and respect, things
that are not necessarily common in prison."
He says he learned about who he was in isolation.
He got in touch with his "Native spirituality and indigenous self."
But the process was slow and painful and
riddled with guilt. He had left a family behind. The family suffered as
well as he did.
An hour into the interview at El Sol y La
Luna, Raúl Salinas stops. His strong voice goes soft as he chokes
with emotion. His eyes fill with tears as he talks about being an absent
father and how those memories continue to haunt him. "You're guilt-ridden.
All of that I carry. The fact that my children grew up wthout me. All
I can do now is try to... alleviate that pain from others. There's nothing
more I can do to undo what I did. But there's a lot I can do to prevent
young people or help parents that failed miserably."
The tattooed teacher
The summer
communications class at St. Edward's University that Raúl Salinas
teaches is an open discussion with reading material far outside of mainstream
textbooks or news. Students are invited to debate political issues like
the war in Iraq or prisoner treatment by the U.S. government in Guantano
Bay, Cuba.
The classroom includes six people on this hot summer afternoon, and they
are engaged in a fierce debate. Salinas, wearing a T-shirt that says,
"Free Speech: Take it Back," stays on his feet, encouraging
the college students to debate with each other.
Salinas's reading assignments include liberation literature and information
from Web sites that dispute common assumptions about the media.
Like his work to teach literature to prisoners or poetry to teens in detention
center, his ultimate goal is to open minds.
One student, Adell Cruz, a senior at St. Edward's, says the class has
taught her to pay more attention to the world around her. She enjoys expressing
her opinion and the class gives her an oportunity to explore other students'
points of view.
She remembers her first day of class. She didn't know who Raúl
Salinas was, but when she saw the ponytailed, tattoo'd teacher walk in,
she says, "I thought, 'this is gonna be a cool class.'"
"I'm damn good with the kids," Salinas says. He gives them "Tough
love," he says, especially the children most in danger of falling
into the traps of addiction and incarceration that he fell victim to.
He's taught thousands of them all over the country, mostly Latinos.
He starts his classes by telling the students three truths he has come
to believe:
Poetry is empowering.
Poetry is liberating.
Poetry is healing.
He asks them to read their work in front of their peers. "Chave,
get up here and speak, man," he tells them. They might be embarrassed
about their writing skills, but Salinas helps them to get over it.
He is tough, but kind. He never forgets that some of these children went
to bed the night before without eating. Their mother and father might
have argued the night before. They are turned off or dropping out.
But, he says, the transformation that art
brings to the soul is miraculous. "That's why my transformation was
so painful and ultimately came out ultimately so beautifully."
La Resistencia
The bookstore,
with its volumes about liberation and revolution, its artifacts of Native
and latino cultures and its posters and T-shirts celebrating slogans of
anti-authoritarian struggle fits Salinas nicely.
It is small, but intense, a gathering place for poets and activists. It
the place where many poetry readings, performances and meetings organized
by Red Salmon Arts are held.
In the time between Salinas' 15 years in prison and his emergence as a
writer of bilingual poetry, he became heavily involved in Native American
politics and causes. He worked against gang violence and taught at different
universities while his poetry became part of the canon of latino literature
taught at many universities.
Much of his poetry deals with life in the barrio including his book of
poems "East of the Freeway." He writes about the struggles of
indigenous people as well as his friends and loves, his work filled with
wordplay and rhythmic phrasing.
Salinas came back to his home in Austin and opened La Resistencia bookstore
in 1981.
Since then, he has become an imposing figure in the community, a man who
can be counted on to support radical causes or community movements. He
has also continued to write while expanding his artistic work to include
acting with local latino playwrights and collaborating with musicians
on several CDs of his poetry.
One of those CDs, "Beyond the Beaten Path," was produced by
Jonathan Rosen, a man who has worked with many musicians and poets. They
make an odd pair. On a recent visit to the store, Rosen, a tall anglo,
shares a plate of nachos with his old friend.
He says his manager call Rosen and Salinas, "The Cowboy and the Indian."
Their long friendship came out of mutual respect and admiration. "We're
very much kin even though we're completely different," Rosen says.
"I stand in awe of his poetry."
For "Beyond the Beaten Path," Rosen gather a group of musicians
who worked on the recording for 20 breakfast tacos and all showed up early
in the morning. "Everyone was happy to do it," he says.
Salinas' poetry fits well with music. His work is similar to the hip-hop
movement and his spoken-word performances are usually performed with musical
accompaniment. He's influenced by jazz-influenced poets, and Salinas says
that finds its way into his work. "I do be-bop and sounds. I hear
rhythms of all kinds."
The recordings for "Beyond" were important enough to Rosen that
he spent several years finding time to put it together. "I felt that
his poetry was too important not to be documented," he says.
As he leaves the bookstore, he tells Salinas, "Raúl: it's
time to do another album!"
Time for art
Salinas would love to make another CD, but he's busy putting together
the final touches on a new book of poetry.
He's also got a bookstore to run, Red Salmon Arts events to work on and
many speaking engagements and classes to attend to.
With all these projects and committments, Salinas says, it's hard to find
time to simply write and work as a poet.
"As I become more involved, yeah, my writing suffers. The more advanced
in age I get, the laizer I begin to get as well," he laughs.
At the bookstore and with Red Salmon, Salinas is helped by a young and
dedicated group of volunteers who admire his work and find themselves
growing through their association with him.
One of them, Rene Valdez, met Salinas about six years ago and has been
working as La Resistencia ever since. He grew up in El Paso.
"I struggled with culture shock when I came to Austin," Valdez
says, "coming here I felt at home. I developed a consciousness that
made me feel more proud of who I am and where I came from."
Valdez says he's awakened politically and has developed a love of working
to keep the Spanish language alive and to keep the stories of latino artists
in the public eye. "We have a lot of passion and a lot of love,"
he says of the bookstore, "We want to maintain our space in the community
and share what we have. It's a way to show people our role models and
artists."
Salinas, he says, has inspired him to be brave enough to create change
in his own life as well as in the community.
"It's hard to pin (Salinas) down," Valdez says, "What he's
done and what he still does to benefit humanity and his pueblo and his
people."
"He has sacrificed his personal life, his family, his artistic career
to help bring about a better world. He's someone who managed to change
his life."
Salinas says that although his writing takes a back seat to all of his
other work, he still gets a spurt of creativity once in a while. It's
tough to find time when he spends so much time greeting people at the
store or traveling, he says, but can't resist the pull of new artists,
cultures and new struggles to engage in. He writes personally, but thinks
globally, fighting where he can to create a better community to play a
part in creating a better world.
After all, Raúl Salinas says, "The world is my natural habitat."